Site design : Academic Web Pages. The Black Tartarian Cherry is a medium sized purplish-black sweet cherry. Some of its characteristics, including producing less shade than maples and oaks, showy white flowers in the spring, dark-green glossy leaves, and moderately fast growth rate, indicate that cherry should be used more in urban conditions. Black cherry (Prunus serotina) is the largest member of the rose family native to Iowa. The Kentucky state champion is 95 feet tall with an 18-foot spread and is located in Clark County. Black cherry (Prunus serotina) is the largest member of the rose family native to Iowa. The leaf has 1-2 tiny glands on the petiole near the leaf blade. The national champion black cherry, located in Tennessee in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, is 134 feet tall with a 70-foot spread. Black Tartarian Cherry Tree requires 700 - 800 chill hours. The mature bark is dark and scaly, often flipping on the edges. Wilted leaves of black cherry are more poisonous than fresh leaves. The tree was introduced to Europe as early as the 17th century, for use in English country gardens, and became highly invasive in contental Europe as well. As site quality deteriorates, so does the size and quality of the wood produced. Fall colors range from yellow-green to yellow, red and orange. Black cherry is the largest cherry native to Kentucky. Cherry wood is moderately hard and heavy, shrinks little when dried, works moderately easy, and warps little during seasoning and use. For about its first decade the bark of a black cherry tree is thin, smooth, and banded, resembling a birch. It commonly attains heights of 60 feet and diameters of up to 2 feet on good sites; on less desirable sites it is often much smaller in size… Copyright © 2020 Iowa State University of Science and Technology. This tree was introduced into the landscape in 1629. Our standard black Tartarian seedlings are budded onto Prunus avium mazzard or sweet cherry, and our dwarf seedlings are grafted to Prunus besseyi (sand cherry). It grows best in forests with deep soils; however, trees occur in hedgerows and along county roads because birds spread the seeds. In fact, even after easily weathering the cold Michigan winter, the tree … Habitat: Found throughout most of the state. It commonly attains heights of 60 feet and diameters of up to 2 feet on good sites; on less desirable sites it is often much smaller in size. The leaves and inner bark, when crushed, have a bitter almond aroma caused by hydrocyanic acid. Black cherry is a large, native tree found in the Midwest and throughout the eastern United States. An Equal Opportunity University. Black cherry is characterized by having alternate simple leaves, 2-6 inches long, uniformly wide to lance-shaped, pointed at the tip, and with fine teeth which curve inward towards the tip of the leaf. Black cherry (Prunus serotina) is the largest member of the rose family native to Iowa. Send mail to cgcass0@uky.edu with questions about this site. Leaves develop early in spring, usually before those of most surrounding trees, growing on alternating sides of the branch. The Kentucky champion tree is in Clark County and is 95 feet tall. This erect tree is a productive and vigorous grower. The leaves of the black cherry tree are between 4 and 8 inches in length and 2 to 4 inches across, oblong or oval in shape, shiny and finely toothed along the edges. Cherry is prized as a wood for furniture because of its beautiful reddish to red brown color and its attractive luster when finished. The university does not review, control or take responsibility for the contents of those sites. Black Cherry Leaves - Photo by Paul Wray, Iowa State University. Wildlife Habitat Programs and Consultation, Alternate, simple, single toothed, and oval or oblong shaped. The clusters of dark red to black fruits taste bitter, but are used for jams and wines and utilized by many species of songbirds. The tree needs pollination and the fruit ripens late June. The flesh is dark red, juicy, very rich and delicious. Ames, IA 50011, Iowa State University | PoliciesState & National Extension Partners. This tree's messy fruit and weediness can be a drawback in the landscape. It grows best in forests with deep soils; however, trees occur in hedgerows and along county roads because birds spread the seeds. Cherry does best on upland moist, fertile, well drained soils, but grows on a wide variety of sites and soil conditions. Birds, squirrels, deer, raccoon, black bears, ruffed grouse, opossum and turkey are among the animals that eat the fruit of black cherry. Leaves are 2–5 in (5–13 cm) long, ovate-lanceolate in shape, with finely toothed margins. Additional information: The fruit of black cherry has a bitter-sweet flavor and is used to make jelly and wine. 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